ANALOG ELEKTRONİK ANALOG ELEKTRONİK .............................................................................................................. i A. KISA ATOM BİLGİSİ............................................................................................................1 Giriş.............................................................................................................................................1 Yörünge ve Kabuk.......................................................................................................................1 Enerji Bantları..............................................................................................................................2 İletken, Yarı İletken ve Yalıtkanlar .............................................................................................4 Kovalent Bağ ...............................................................................................................................5 Saf Yarı İletken Malzemenin Özellikleri.....................................................................................5 N Tipi Malzeme...........................................................................................................................6 P Tipi Malzeme ...........................................................................................................................7 Katkı Maddelerine Sıcaklığın Etkisi............................................................................................8 B. DİYOTLAR ve ÇEŞİTLERİ...................................................................................................9 P-N Jonksiyonu............................................................................................................................9 Ters Kutuplama ...........................................................................................................................9 Çığ Delinme...............................................................................................................................10 İleri Kutuplama..........................................................................................................................10 Diyodun V-I Karakteristiği........................................................................................................11 Diyotlu Devrelerde Grafik Yöntemi ile Çalışma Noktasının Bulunması..................................12 İleri Kutuplama Durumu .......................................................................................................12 Uygulama 1 : .........................................................................................................................13 Çözüm : .................................................................................................................................13 Ters Kutuplama Durumu.......................................................................................................14 Uygulama 2 : .........................................................................................................................14 Çözüm : .................................................................................................................................14 Sonuçlar.....................................................................................................................................15 Diyodun Direnci ........................................................................................................................15 Uygulama 3 : .........................................................................................................................15 Çözüm : .................................................................................................................................16 Uygulama 4 : .........................................................................................................................17 Çözüm : .................................................................................................................................17 Diyot Devrelerinin Yaklaşık Eşdeğer Analizi...........................................................................17 Uygulama 5 : .........................................................................................................................18 Çözüm : .................................................................................................................................18 Uygulama 6 : .........................................................................................................................19 Çözüm : .................................................................................................................................19 Uygulama 7 : .........................................................................................................................19
BİPOLAR TRANSİSTÖR 35 Yapısı ve Sembolü.....................................................................................................................35 Transistörün Çalışması ..............................................................................................................35 Aktif Bölge ............................................................................................................................36 Doyum Bölgesi......................................................................................................................37 Kesim Bölgesi........................................................................................................................37 Ters Çalışma Bölgesi.............................................................................................................37 Ortak Tabanlı Devre ..................................................................................................................37 Kesimde Bölgesi....................................................................................................................38 Aktif Bölge ve Doyum Bölgesi .............................................................................................38 Uygulama 1 : .........................................................................................................................38 Çözüm : .................................................................................................................................38 Uygulama 2: ..........................................................................................................................39 Çözüm: ..................................................................................................................................39 Ortak Emiterli Devre .................................................................................................................40 Uygulama 3: ..........................................................................................................................40 Çözüm....................................................................................................................................40 Ortak emiterli devrede çıkış karakteristiği ............................................................................41 Kesim Bölgesi........................................................................................................................41 Aktif Bölge ve Doyum Bölgesi .............................................................................................42 Uygulama 4: ..........................................................................................................................42 Çözüm : .................................................................................................................................42 Ortak Kollektörlü Devre............................................................................................................43 Uygulama 5: ..........................................................................................................................43 Çözüm : .................................................................................................................................43 Transistörün maksimum değerleri.............................................................................................44 Uygulama 6: ..........................................................................................................................44 Çözüm: ..................................................................................................................................44 Kutuplama Amacı......................................................................................................................45