KK Beynelmilel/International

[cncarastirma]

Selamun Aleyküm
Site içeriğinin yabancı dillere çevrilmesinden bahsetmiştik. Hali hazırda uzak gibi görünebilir ama devamlı gelişmeler ile bahsettiklerimizin çok üzerine çıkılabilir. Çeviriye esas olarak bilimsel yazılar ve yine bahsettiğimiz gibi içeriği tam doldurulmuş forum mesajlaşmalarından (belki) derlenmiş kısımlar. Öneri kısmında ele aldığımız mesajların tasnifi için ek özellikler ve ya ilk mesajın altındaki konu içeriğinden bilimsel yazıların devamlı güncellendiği 2./kombine mesaj uygulaması çeviri için ön planda olacaktır.

Site içeriğine öncelik vermiş oluyoruz ama muhtevası gayet önemli ve etraflı ele alınmış bilimsel konuların da çevrilmemesi için sebep yok.(Türkçe ye de olabilir)
Bu konu ve ya uygun bir konu üzerinden çevrilmesi istenilen linkler paylaşılabilir ve çevirebilenler konuya el atma imkanı bulur ve çevrilmek istenilen linkin çevriye yeterliliği de ele alınır.. Yapılan çeviriler konu üzerinden paylaşılırsa diğer üyeler ile tartışılır eksikler giderilir. Dilller arası çeviri aynen yapılamıyor ve çeviri için konu üzerinde bilgi sahibi olmak gerekiyor. Aynı kelimenin ne kadar çok manaya geldiğini ifade edelim ki, teknik terimler de ayrı mesele.
Başarılar...

 

[cncarastirma]

Öncelikle KK Anasayfası... Teknik makaleler paratoner;

How the lightning is prevented? / What is lightning rod and why is it used?
Alltogeter we know roughly what they are. We prevent ligthning with it, especially in autumn which cannot be thought without lightnings. Have you ever interest how does it work?

The aim of the lightning rod is to conduct the electrical charge to ground(land under our foots) from air (clouds). The primary reason of generation of this electrical charge is the cloud movement. The frictioning, striking and electrical discharge of clouds plays the main role of electrifying of clouds. The shape after this is flash and the shape after paralel electron exchange of clouds is lightning.

Benjamin Franklin who is the inventor of lightning rod by Kite(fly) experiement in 1752, put this lifesaver rod to sharp and high points (like mosque minaret, skyscrapper). Todays the same labor goes on.

The lightning rods generally works as discharging of the copper covered metal, to the metal near the building that combined together. In contrast to general comprehension, the aim of this rod is to prevent just the formation of lightning not to seperate/focuse it. The negative charges of rain clouds push the negative charges in the rod and keeps the positive charges in the edge of the rod. The pushed negative charges are conducted to ground by wires. By this manner, lightning rod which has only positive charges throws the positive charges up with an energy and neutralises the negatively charged clouds.

There are four categories about these rods that protects us from high voltage as; to be positive or negative, flash is from cloud or from ground.
-Positive Fall
-Positive Rise
-Negative Fall
-Negative Rise

90 per cent of lightning blows are negative fall. While the cloud potential reaches to a specific value (10kV/cm), the cloud throws an electron beam. This is a manner of discharge. This, the first discharge is pilotage or primary discharge. The speed is 50000km/s and arrives 30-50 meters. After 100 µs(microsecond) the second discharge occurs and reaches approximately 50 meters. The length of positive beam can reach 150 meters in the sequenced discharges.

KINDS of Lightning Rod

The buildings can be guarded with many protectin ways.

Faraday Cage/Faraday Shield

In 1760 lightning rod was made with a sharp iron rod by Franklin but by the time iron is changed with platinium. To prevent lightning, in 1884, the Faraday Cage is invented by the Belgian Physiscist Melsens. This method is, roughly; to cover the buldings from highest to lowest point with metalic tapes/strips while the building grounding/earthing process, and then to combine these tapes to gain the equal electrical charge seperation. The most important property of these tapes is to have high impermeability to electromagnetic waves. This process, although very expensive in grounding application, makes the protection in highest level.

FRANKLIN ROD

The rod placed to the protection area, while installation applications, is used with down conducter. Generally this method is used in little areas. (lighthouse, chimney) Now let's investigate a kind of lightning rod that is dangerous to humanity, not human freindly;

RADIOACTIVE LIGHTNING ROD

The radioactive lightning rods as well working type, that are improved by the help of the studies of scientists M. Davere and Sazillar, invented by enclosing/surruounding the lightning rod with radium. While improving stages, the efficiency of the rod is increased by adding speeding system. By the way with less amount of radium, plenty amount of ionisation is gained. The princple is, like in Franklin Rod, to conduct the charge to desired points or ground. It can be seen that;The principle similarity gets out of mind if the working is being discussed. The reason is hidden in ionisation. The amount of ion spread by radioactive lightning rod, that is more then Franklin Rod is said as, for 1 miligram(mg) radium 2.8*10^13 couples of ion at a second. Then the growing number by the milion times coefficient, plays an effectice role to decrease the cloud charge. Together with speeder/accelerater these ions are reached high speeds.

This type of rod that is firstly began to use in our country, TURKEY, at the end of 1970s, were being produced with a very dangerous element Radium. The producted and mounted ones that are produced in 1980 and before with trade marks Preventer, Helita, Parasphere are considered that they are producted with radioactive source Ra-226. Because of worse effects of radiation to human body, Turkey Atomic Energy Authority reported with an announcement nottice dated 04.01.2000 and numbered 10700-0005 that; some harmfull matters (Ra-226-Am241) aren't permitted to import since 31.03.2000. It is noticed that the dismounting and exchanging of preceeding ones were directed to certain firms and they are going to be published on www.taek.gov.tr

The lightning rods as we summarised, are the tools that saves our life. They are indispensible for engineering and pulls the lightning then conducts to ground safely.

References
http://www.nenedirvikipedi.com/fizi...-paratonerin-gorevleri-ve-cesitleri-6281.html
• http://www.projedersi.com/index.php/bilim-kuetuephanesi/nedir/445-paratoner-nedir
• http://www.mailce.com/paratoner-nedir-nasil-calisir.html

 

[Hırçın 41]

good idea

 

[cncarastirma]

KK Anasyfa Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynakları Depolama Yöntemleri, https://www.kontrolkalemi.com/yenil...santralleri-icin-depolama-yontemleri-bolum-1/

STORAGE METHODS for RENEAWBLE ENERGIES: SOLAR and WIND -Section 1-

From the point of energy generating systems, sun light and wind are unstable sources. The energy capacities entirely depended to environmental factors. Environmental factors that is atmospheric events, can alterate in little time intervals. The following graphs explain better what I say.

WHY STORAGE ?

As can be seen from above graphs, the amount of generated energy in solar and wind power plants, changes instantly. Because these instant changes threaten system stability, effective use of energy sources and supply-demand regularity; the storage of generated energy bocomes an obligation.

Hydro energy (Water in dams), bio-mass, conventional fuels can stored before electric generation. This sense is not acceptable for solar and wind energy. Solar and wind energy is first transformed to electrical energy and then stored by transforming a desired energy form.

STORAGE METHODS

There is no wonderfull storing method with its all properties. It is not possible to say, that's the one. Storage method differ with size/volume and technology as to necessity, use area and demand characteristics.

BASIC STORAGE METHODS
-Hydroelectric Plant with pumping
-Compressed Air
-Flywheel(inertial) Energy Storage
-Lead Acid Battery
-Lithium İon Battery
-Nicel Cadmium Battery
-Nicel Metal Hybrid Battery
-Super Capaciter

Hydroelectric Power Plants with Pumping

In some hours in the day when the demand(electricity-energy) is low, the water is pumped to a high reservoir and then in the time that the demand rises, the stored water is flowed to the turbines in low reservoir and consequently electricity is generated.

These plants have 60-80 percent efficiency. The efficiency is determined by the quality of set up equipment.

First Hydroelectric power plant by pumping is established in 1890 in Italy and Switzerland.

The power of these plants rises to 150 MW totally in forty countries in the world.

The Japanese has the main capacity with 23.668MW. In these plants it is a focused topic to change the fresh water sources with sea water.

Advantages
-Large apply area
-Can be used in high power and energy levels.
-Fast start up

Disadvantages
-Limited with geographic factors.
-Distance to demand centres. (consume where you generate)
-Set up time and initial cost

Compressed Air Stored Electric Power Plants

Like in previous plants with pumping, the air is compressed with high pressures 40-70 bar to natural spaces/cavities, retired mines or into tanks, in the times that demand is less and electricity is cheap. When the demand rises, this pressurised air is flowed to the gas turbine and electricity is generated.

The gas turbine used in this method is the improved one of the existing gas turbine technology.

In the plants that electic generation is with only natural gas, nearly 2/3 of energy is used to pressurise air.

This means that total energy generated with pressurised air and ntural gas is three times then only with natural gas.

In the World first in Detschland in 1978, 290 MW powered compressed air plant is established by using dissolved salt caverns.

Advantages
-Fast start up
-Easy mechanical system
-Long work life as to battery technologies
-Low initial cost then Hydroelectric plant with pump.

Disadvantages
-Needs fossil fuel natural gas
-Geography of area should be convenient to establishment.
-If the storage is desired in tanks, initial cost rises highly.

Flywheel (Inertial Storage)

The flywheels stores the energy in kinetic form then this energy can be transformed into electrical power.

We can say, the flywheel is a mechanical battery/storage element. Flywheel is a mass, turns around an axis, the capability of energy storing, increases with mass. (Exactly with inertia that is combined with amount of mass and location-geometry of mass)

Flywheels are convenient for storing in short times (less than 1 minute) but this technology is in the beginning presently. These systems are convenient for storing low amount of energy in short times rather than high scaled energy storage.

Advantages
-Fast start up, fast discharge/transfer
-Low maintenance cost. Less times of maintenance than other batteries.
-High efficiency
-Very effective method to stabilise the power quality
-Unlimited charge/discharge - Endless times of storing kinetic energy.

Disadvantages
-Should be used in closed container.
-Revolutions per time changes as to energy transformed.
-Sensitive engineering equipment is needed.
-High cost.

--------To be continued...--------

 

[cncarastirma]

Bu (bilimsel)meselelerin forum üzerinde tartışılması gayet önemli bir içeriğin oluşmasına vesile olur, çeviriyor olmamız içerikleri tam buluyor olmamız demek değil, hatalar ve eksikler azaltılabilir.

Forum içi ön planda ve istekler rahatlıkla paylaşılabilir, çeviriler irdelenip kontrol edilebilir.

Konu tarafımıza sabit görülmesin, tüm forumdaşlarımızı ve internet alemini alakadar eder. Her türlü eleştiri değer katmaya meyillidir.

Anlaşmazlıklar uzlaşmazlıklar bir tarafa bilimsel çalışma tüm insanlığa olsun...

 

[cncarastirma]

KK Anasayfa haberler Türke Özel Yalan Makinası https://www.kontrolkalemi.com/turke-ozel-yalan-makinesi/
--
Polygraph for Turks

The polygraph/lie.detector is going to be produced adapted to Turkish Culture as to the project study in Üsküdar University which the brain signals are transfered to computers and investigated. By this way,
University's constitutive rector Prof.Dr. Nevzat Tarhan called attentions that they reached measurable datas describes the truthness.

Mr. Tarhan goes on speaking; "Previous period there is made a law. In Turkey the use of lie detector in intelligince office and security forces is decreed/fixed. This requires a big import. In every towns or cities you will enable tou use lie detector while interrogation. This means important amount of import and foreign money loss. We, the university, have the academic staff to achieve this. Already our study is going to decrease the cost of the detector."

American accepts jealous but a Turk does not.

Prof. Tarhan gave information about project: " We will develop the detector adapted to Turk Culture. For example, if you ask to an American about jealosy of his wife he can accept this question, meets normal. Then the brain may not give lie reaction. But if it is asked to us, Turk Nation reacts sensitive as to our culture. We will improve this hint in the software. We will produce cultural adaptive lie detector. So the error possibiliy will decrease. For example the reaction of brain isn't same while a human of Karadeniz Region (Blacksea) sees a gun and human from Ege Region (Agean) sees. Such as a European isn't."

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Birşeyler biryerlerde sivrilmiş olabilir ama bu o yeri tanımlamaz. Herkes kendi dünyasında yaşar. Karadeniz de uzaktan sert diye muhattap alınan kültüründe sağlam bir insanlık/koruyuculuk barındırır.
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[cncarastirma]

KK teknik makaleler, https://www.kontrolkalemi.com/motorlarin-manyetik-devrimi/ ,

MAGNETIC EVOLUTION of ELECTRIC MOTORS

SMC and AMM

Electric motors take place everywhere in our life, in toothbrushes even as far to cooling fans. Surely, we owe them to the invention of relation between electricity and magnetic field. Basically they are in three parts: rotary part, stationary part and motor frame.

How efficient are the motors that we use ? Well, which factors improve efficiency ?

Since the invention of electric motors, none of them exactly reached to satisfactory efficiency level, even 80 percent didn't. It is known that the efficiency is related to the ferrous material in the motor. In this way, the studies obtained the improvement of this magnetic material. Presently two super matters called soft magnetic composite (SMC) and amorf metal (AMM) are developed. "Super" I said, because the electric motors with these matters reach to efficiency 90 percent.

What is the speciality of these two matters ? Let's answer, by observing their properties.

SMC materials : Oppositely to traditional hard steels used in electric mtotrs, this material is an elastic and not too hard material. SMC material is formed by sintering the iron powder and isolating the surrounding electrically. This structure is then heat treated to functionalise.

The aim of these techniques is to increase magnetic sensitivity to every direction and to improve transmition of magnetic field in three dimension, by adding magnetic size to material , in other words by adding a new magnetic dimension. The speciality of the material is this. İncrease in the size of the material means increase in the size of the part called stater, thus more number of windings can be done to stater. So we can increase magnetic field multiply. These methods returned and around the stater, high magnetic field is gained and the efficiency is increased.

The second matter amorf metal: Mixing of iron powders results this metal. They are hard and brittle because of density in molecular form that isn't seen in cristal form.

With the combination of commercial applications to these studies, incridible/unbelievable savings can be achieved. Because researchments says that, half of the electricity in the World is consumed by electric motors.

We owe this inner evoluiton/invention in electric motors to the team of AssociateProfessor/Assoc.Prof. Nesimi Ertuğrul. Studies are patended/(patend rights reserved) and examined in water pumps successfully. Wish to meet your presence, with high electric technology evolutions.

 

[cncarastirma]

Ürün haberleri, https://www.kontrolkalemi.com/mikrodalga-radar-sensor/ ,

MICROWAVE RADAR SENSOR

Microwave radar sensors began to take its place into motion sensors. Differing from the other motion sensors, this sensor can

detect behind the door, window and thin wall.

In large salloons, corridors and rooms this sensor is advantageous.

Principle

This sensor work as to the principle, doppler effect. Shortly, this effect occurs at least one of the station/source or

body(active) moves.I think it's better to draw an example,about doppler effect/shift/slide.

In the upper drawing the signals spread/emitted from the source and the signals returns from the body are same. No doppler

effect/shift. From the view of sensor, no output.

In this drawing the signals emitted from source and returns from the moving body are different. Because of this difference,

doppler effect occurs. Sensor gives an output.

PRODUCT SPECIALITIES

The features differs as to brand and model, like differences between all trade marks. There is used a 5.8 GHZ microwave

sensor module, in my product.

There are three setting keys in the product.

1.Sense (Detection distance)
2.Time (Duratioon of output)
3.Lux (The brillance amount attracts working)

1. SENSE

We can adjust the detecting distance between 2-16 meters.This is not exactly a length.It shouldn't be understood as 2 meters

forward or 16 meters back linearly. This setting adjust the diameter, as in the botttom drawing about detecting area.

2.TIME

This setting is the adjustment of output duration like in other motion sensors. From 10 seconds to 12 minutes the duration

can be setted, wholly designated as to the desires and necessities of the user.

3.LUX

This the part whivh we can adjust the working condition as to the light intensity of the sensor ambient. Can be setted

between 2-2000 lux. It designates the working conditioun seen in the figure, like in day, night or dark.

Connections

 

[cncarastirma]

Forumdan (mesajlaşmalardan) İngilizce bir metin;

S Z Sayed Hassen den World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology
Vol:6 2012-08-25 , http://waset.org/publications/4219/...rol-problem-with-speed-regulation-uncertainty

"On the other hand, the sudden loss of an interconnection, while exporting power will cause the system frequency to rise. Automatic generation control (AGC) is used to regulate frequency and interchange power flows; see [2]. Control systems in power plants detect changes in the network-wide frequency and adjust mechanical power input to generators back to their target frequency. This is usually done by adjusting the position of a steam control valve which in turn modifies the turbine torque to match changes in the load torque."

Türkçe si; -Elektrik güç üretimi ile alakalı-

""Diğer taraftan güç aktarılırken, ara bağlantnın aniden kesilmesi sistem frekansının artmasına sebep olur. Otomatik güç kontrolü, frekans ve güç akışnı düzenlemek için kullanılır. [Reference2] Güç santrallerindeki kontrol sistemleri, ağ çapında/genişliğince frekans değişimlerini algılar ve jeneratörlerin hedef frekansı için mekanik gücü ayarlar. Bu genellikle yük torkundaki değişimlere türbin torkunu uyarlayan buhar kontrol valfi pozisyonu ile ayarlanır.""

Eksik hata ve istek linkleri rahatlıkla eklenebilr, tabi öncelik forumda..